In the course of the energy transition, the energy industry is undergoing a comprehensive transformation through the integration of renewable energies into the power system. To ensure the success of the transition to renewable energies in the areas of electricity, heat and mobility, efficient flexibility in the feed-in and withdrawal of electrical power plays a crucial role. The project partners of the flexess project worked together to develop and implement solution approaches for a flexible and sustainable energy supply.
The household case study was dedicated to exploring the potential for flexibility in existing single-family and multifamily homes as well as new construction. Possible flexibility measures include the use of photovoltaic systems, battery storage and heat pumps in conjunction with local energy management.
In the commercial, retail and services sector, the focus was particularly on the potential of existing air-conditioning systems in supermarkets and other chain stores to exploit flexibility.
The industrial sector also offers considerable flexibility potential due to its high energy requirements and the extensive control options for processes and machines. The use of revenues from self-generation and the possibility of storage can create additional economic incentives to exploit flexibility potential.
The electromobility case study specifically addressed the potential of flexibility in the context of potential applications for vehicle fleets, such as use as flexible energy storage.
The potential analysis shows a cross-sector potential for energy flexibilization of approx. 25 GW / 35 TWh/a. In perspective, this can amount to about 20-40 GW / 27-53 TWh/a in 2030, depending on the scenario. The regulatory framework and economic incentives were also considered.
Period
July 2019 until December 2022
Destination
Development of solutions for exploiting flexibility potentials in the electricity, heat and mobility transition, as recommendations for action for the energy industry
Result
Identification of savings potentials and framework conditions
In this study, the theoretical flexibility potential through the use of electric vehicles in combination with charging stations (AC, DC) was analyzed.
The number of electric vehicles in Germany is currently growing exponentially, but at a comparatively low level. Based on legal framework conditions, the supply of electric vehicles and charging points, and customer demand, this growth trend is expected to continue in the future. It is therefore extremely sensible to include the potential for energy flexibilization by integrating electric vehicles into the energy system.
For all vehicle classes, a strong increase in both the absolute number of electric vehicles and the relative share of all registered vehicles is expected in the future. Electric vehicles are expected to account for between 35% and 76% of new passenger car registrations in 2030.
The research project was divided into a total of five thematic blocks, which answered various questions:
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